6) Commonwealth of Nations
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6. Commonwealth of Nations
BASIC INFORMATION:
over 50 members
official seat in London
official head is the Queen
Commonwealth Secretariat (something like government) – head of the Commonwealth Secretariat is
Secretary general (elected by the Commonwealth heads of government for no more than 4 years two
times in a row)
over 2 billion people living in Commonwealth
TYPES OF COUNTRIES:
Commonwealth of Nations is a loose collection of nations, most of which were formal colonies of the
British Empire
Now there are several types of countries within Commonwealth of Nations:
o Independent countries (India, Pakistan) - own head of state and government
o Dominium (Australia, Canada, New Zealand) – own government, official head is British monarch
(only symbolic role, represented by a governor – fills the role of the monarch by signing bill and
appearing at official ceremonies)
o Colony/ Dependent area (Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Bermuda)
HISTORY
After US independence the British Empire feared that other countries would also try to separate => so
they decided to give them more freedom and created first dominium
After the first Wold War the dominions sought a new definition of their relationship with Great Britain
So at the 1926 Conference, Britain and the dominions accepted the following:
"They are autonomous Communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate
one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs, though united by a common allegiance
to the Crown, and freely associated as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations."
This declaration was made law in 1931
In 1949 India became independent but wished to remain in the Commonwealth despite having no