10. USA
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10. THE USA
Situated in North Amerika between Canada and Mexico
Caribbean and Pacific ocean
Political system
Federation consisting of 50 states
Federal Government – has control over national matters – defence, foreign affairs, finances
The executive – The President – Joe Biden, Executive office – president’s personal staff
The president is elected for 4-year term, only twice
Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces
Appoints members of the government
Can veto legislation
Two political parties – democratic party and republican party
Legislative – Congress – 535 congressmen
Two houses – The Senate – upper house – 100 – two members of each state
The House of Representatives – lower house – elected according to the population of each state
Judiciary – Supreme Court and all the Federal courts
Make sure that all new laws are in accordance with the constitution
State government – responsible for law and education
Each state has its own state government, laws, courts, police, etc
Geography
Fourth largest country in the world
Crossing 4 standard time zones
The west is mountainous – Sierra Nevada, Cascade
The east is lowlands
The largest rivers are the Mississippi and Missouri
The highest point is Mount McKinley
Population
320 million people
Less than 1% of the people are true natives to the land
Languages
Official language is English
Many different languages are spoken throughout the states
States
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Brief history
Columbus – Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492
Colonization – Amerigo Vespucci, Italian explorer, made many voyages to South America
By the end of the 17th century, the Spanish, French, Dutch and English had claimed land
Pilgrim Fathers – 1620 on ship Mayflower, puritans, and member of religious sect
With Indians help they planted corn and other plants and in autumn they celebrated good harvest whit much food
Thanksgiving
The Declaration of Independence – it started with Boston Tea Party, 1775
George Washington took over the command of American army
War lasted till 1783 – British signed the peace, and the U. S. won their independence
Celebrated on 4th July
Modern history – today is the strongest world power
Cities
Chicago – 3rd largest city in the USA
Industrial city
The busiest airport in the world – O’Hare
Detroit – car industry
New Orleans – famous for jazz music
New York – cosmopolitan city
“Big apple” or “City which never sleeps”